A hydrodynamically focused stream as a dynamic template for site-specific electrochemical micropatterning of conducting polymers.

We demonstrated a site-specific fabrication of conducting polymer micropatterns by a novel electrochemical micropatterning technology, which utilizes a hydrodynamically focused laminar stream as a dynamic template. The resulting micropatterns in a microfluidic device is a ready-to-use sensor capable of detecting microliter amounts of organic solvent vapors. By employing two different sensing elements (polypyrrole (Ppy) and COOH-Ppy), the collective sensing responses are informative enough to identify a wide range of organic vapors.